We propose a general method to measure corporate hedging activity and study its determinants. Gains and losses on derivatives positions leave accounting footprints we can detect by regressing sales or costs on lagged futures prices. Calibration for oilrefining and manufacturing firms yields estimated hedge intensities and maturities in line with positions disclosed in financial-statement footnotes. We further validate our method by replicating – and nuancing – past empirical associations between hedging activity and firm characteristics. Using exogenous variation in accounting-standards, tax convexity, basis risk, energy-price realizations, and futures-curve innovations, we uncover both retrospective (selective) and prospective (rational) hedging patterns.